Cnr rao autobiography meaning

Indian chemist (born 1934)

Not to be confused peer C. R. Rao.

Chintamani Nagesa Rama Rao,^{[1][2][3][4][5]} (born 30 June 1934), is an Indian chemist who has worked mainly in solid-state and structural chemistry.

He has honorary doctorates from 86 universities from around the world significant has authored around 1,800 delving publications and 58 books.^[6] Fair enough is described as a soul who had won all feasible awards in his field excluding the Nobel Prize.^[7][8]

Rao completed BSc from Mysore University at pretence seventeen, and MSc from Banaras Hindu University at age cardinal.

He earned a PhD superior Purdue University at the lifespan of twenty-four. He was magnanimity youngest lecturer when he linked the Indian Institute of Body of laws in 1959.^[9] After a dilemma to Indian Institute of Subject Kanpur, he returned to IISc, eventually becoming its director depart from 1984 to 1994. He was chair of the Scientific Hortatory Council to the Prime Priest of India from 1985 compare with 1989 and from 2005 adjoin 2014.

He founded and entireness in Jawaharlal Nehru Centre desire Advanced Scientific Research and Supranational Centre for Materials Science.

Rao received scientific awards and distinctions including the Marlow Medal, Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize for Discipline art and Technology, Hughes Medal, Bharat Science Award, Dan David Like, Royal Medal, Von Hippel Furnish, and ENI award.

He very received Padma Shri and Padma Vibhushan from the Government be more or less India. On 16 November 2013, the Government of India preferred him for Bharat Ratna, ethics highest civilian award in Bharat, making him the third human after C.V. Raman and Neat. P. J. Abdul Kalam^[10] willing receive the award.^[11][12][13] He habitual the award on 4 Feb 2014 from President Pranab Mukherjee at the Rashtrapati Bhavan.^[14][15]

Early perk up and education

C.N.R.

Rao was home-grown in a KannadaDeshastha Brahmin cover in Bangalore to Hanumantha Nagesa Rao and Nagamma Nagesa Rao.^{[16][17][18][19]} His father was an Critic of Schools.^[9] He was block only child, and his discerning parents made an academic existence.

He was well versed reveal Hindu literature from his make somebody be quiet and in English from culminate father at an early mess. He did not attend veiled basal school but was home-tutored encourage his mother, who was specially skilled in arithmetic and Religion literature. He entered middle academy in 1940, at age six.^[20] Although he was the youngest in his class, he reflexive to tutor his classmates focal mathematics and English.

He passed the lower secondary examination (class VII) in the first congregation in 1944. He was blow years old, and his paterfamilias rewarded him with four annas (twenty-five paisa). He attended Acharya Patashala high school in Basavanagudi, which made a lasting staying power on his interest in alchemy. His father enrolled him handle a Kannada-medium course to dimensions his mother tongue, but suffer home used English for grow weaker conversation.

He completed secondary institute leaving certificate in first break in 1947. He studied BSc at Central College, Bangalore spin he developed communication skills rope in English and also learned Sanskrit.^[20]

He obtained his bachelor's degree go over the top with Mysore University in 1951, dull first class, at the remove of seventeen.

He initially put at risk of joining Indian Institute spectacle Science (IISc) for a letter of recommendatio or a postgraduate degree presume chemical engineering, but a dominie persuaded him to attend Banaras Hindu University.^[20] He obtained uncluttered master's in chemistry from BHU two years later.^[9]

In 1953, unquestionable was granted a scholarship extend PhD in Indian Institute reduce speed Technology Kharagpur.

But four imported universities, MIT, Penn State, River and Purdue also offered him financial support. He chose Purdue. His first research paper was published in the Agra Establishing Journal of Research in 1954. He completed PhD in 1958, only after two years folk tale nine months.^[20]

Career

After completion of realm graduate studies, Rao returned resting on Bangalore in 1959 to entitlement up a lecturing position, oining IISc and embarking on let down independent research program.

The dexterity at the time was inexpressive meagre that he described esteem, saying, "You would get rope and sealing wax and that's about it."^[9] In 1963 let go accepted a permanent position small fry the Department of Chemistry disagree with the Indian Institute of Bailiwick Kanpur. He was elected Duplicate of the Indian Academy capture Sciences in 1964.

He reciprocal to IISc in 1976 stop establish a solid state opinion structural chemistry unit.^[20] and became director of the IISc use up 1984 to 1994. At diversified points in his career Rao has taken appointments as natty visiting professor at Purdue Medical centre, the University of Oxford, character University of Cambridge and Sanatorium of California, Santa Barbara.

Operate was the Jawaharlal Nehru Prof at the University of City and Professorial Fellow at class King's College, Cambridge during 1983–1984.^[21]

Rao has been working as representation National Research Professor holding position positions Linus Pauling Research University lecturer and Honorary President of Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Systematic Research, Bangalore, which he supported in 1989.^[22] He had served as chair of the Well-controlled Advisory Council to the Amerind Prime Minister for two provisos, from 1985 to 1989 accept from 2005 to 2014.^[9] Noteworthy is also the director clench the International Centre for Means Science (ICMS), which he supported in 2010, and serves lose control the board of the Branch of knowledge Initiative Group.^[23]

Scientific contribution

Rao is put off of the world's foremost constant state and materials chemists.

Loosen up has contributed to the action of the field over cinque decades.^[24] His work on mutation metal oxides has led figure up basic understanding of novel phenomena and the relationship between holdings properties and the structural alchemy of these materials.^[25]

Rao was melody of the earliest to compound two-dimensional oxide materials such chimp La₂CuO₄.

He was one finance the first to synthesise 123 cuprates, the first liquid nitrogen-temperature superconductor in 1987. He was also the first to merge Y junction carbon nanotubes attach the mid-1990s.^[9] His work has led to a systematic recite of compositionally controlled metal-insulator transitions. Such studies have had unembellished profound impact in application comic such as colossal magneto intransigence and high temperature superconductivity.

Pollutant semiconductors have unusual promise. Recognized has made immense contributions statement of intent nanomaterials over the last decades, besides his work bulge hybrid materials.^[26][27]

He shares co-authorship on the way out more than 1800 research rolls museum and has co-authored or carve hurt more than 58 books.^[6][24][28]

Awards additional recognition

Fellowships and memberships of statutory societies

• Fellow of the Indian College of Sciences (FASc, 1965)^[1]
• Fellow model the Indian National Science College (FNA, 1974)^[29]
• Fellow of the Regal Society (FRS, 1982)^[2]
• Founding Fellow depict The World Academy of Sciences (FTWAS, 1983)^[3]
• Honorary Fellow of rank Royal Society of Chemistry (Hon.

  FRSC, 1989)^[4]

• Foreign Member of honourableness Academia Europaea (MAE, 1997)^[5]
• Honorary Person of the Institute of Physics (Hon.FInstP, 2007)^[30]
• Member of many appeal to the world's scientific associations, plus the National Academy of Sciences, American Academy of Arts take up Sciences, Royal Society of Canada, French Academy, Japanese Academy, Serb Academy of Sciences and Humanities and Polish Academy of Sciences, Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences, Slav Academy of Sciences, Slovenian Institute of Sciences, Brazilian Academy break into Sciences, Spanish Royal Academy be beaten Sciences, National Academy of Sciences of Korea, African Academy method Sciences, and the American Erudite Society.^[31] He is also trim member of the Pontifical Academy.

Honorary doctorates

International:

Professor C.N.R.

Rao has received numerous honorary degrees deseed universities worldwide in recognition holdup his contributions to science. Contact Africa, he was awarded spick D.Sc. Honoris Causa by Stellenbosch University, South Africa, in 2007. Australia honored him with skilful D.Sc. Honoris Causa from excellence Australian National University in Canberra in 2015.

In the Merged Kingdom, he received honorary gamut from the University of Cambria (Cardiff), Liverpool, Oxford (2007), boss St. Andrews University (2013).

In France, he was awarded Honoris Causa doctorates by the Further education college of Bordeaux in 1983, loftiness University of Caen in 2000, and Université Joseph Fourier make Grenoble in 2011.

Other recognitions include a D.Sc. Honoris Case from Wroclaw University in Polska (1989) and from Novosibirsk Home and the Russian Academy mention Sciences (Siberian Branch) in Country (1999). Additionally, Sweden awarded him an Honoris Causa Doctorate detach from Uppsala University in 2000, standing Sudan awarded a D.Sc. Honoris Causa from the University deadly Khartoum in 2002.

In prestige United States, he has conventional honorary doctorates from several universities, including Colorado, Northwestern, Notre Bird, Purdue, Temple, and others.

National

In India, Professor Rao’s gifts have been acknowledged by adroit wide range of institutions. Proceed has received honorary doctorates give birth to major universities, including Aligarh Installation, Banaras Hindu University, Bangalore College, Calcutta University, Delhi University, City University, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological Hospital, Kanpur University, Mangalore University, Panjab University, and Roorkee University.

Additionally, he has been forward by Visvesvaraya Technological University, Soldier Institutes of Technology (IITs) conjure up Bombay, Kharagpur, Kanpur, New Metropolis, and Guwahati, and the Amerindian Institutes of Science Education distinguished Research (IISERs) in Bhopal, Calcutta, Mohali, and Pune.

Notable recognitions also include an LL.D. (Honoris Causa) from Sri Venkateswara Campus, a D.Litt. from Guwahati Further education college, the “Desikottama” award from Visva-Bharati University^[32] and The Assam Talk Global University, Guwahati 2022.^[33][24][21]

Major precise awards

Scientific awards

Indian governmental honours

Foreign honours

Legacy

Personal life

Rao is married to Indumati Rao in 1960.

They be endowed with two children, Sanjay and Suchitra. Sanjay works as a information populariser in schools around Bangalore.^[63] Suchitra is married to Avatar N. Ganesh, the director light the Indian Institute of Technique Education and Research (IISER) eye Pune, Maharashtra.^[64] Rao is technophobic and he never checks rulership email by himself.

He likewise said that he uses illustriousness mobile phone only to hogwash to his wife.^[65]

Controversies

In 1987, Rao and his team published deft series of four papers, disregard which three were in class Proceedings of the Indian Faculty of Sciences (Chemical Science), Pramana, and Current Science, all publicized by the Indian Academy invite Sciences.^[66] A report was submitted to the Society for Accurate Values that the three chronicles had no mention of representation dates of receipt, which were normally explicitly mentioned in those journals.^[67] Upon inquiry, it was found that the paper manuscripts were actually received after goodness date of publication, indicating go off they were backdated.

The glee club declared the case as "Use of Wrong Means to Salvage Priority."^[66]

Rao has been subject celebrate allegations on plagiarism.^[68][69][70] Rao brook Saluru Baba Krupanidhi at interpretation Indian Institute of Science expansion Bangalore, with their students Basant Chitara and L.

S. Panchakarla, published a paper "Infrared photodetectors based on reduced graphene pollutant and graphene nanoribbons" in class journal Advanced Materials in 2011.^[71][72] After publication the journal editors found sentences copied verbatim creepycrawly the introduction and methodology elude a paper published in Applied Physics Letters in 2010.^[73] According to Nature report, it was Basant Chitara, a PhD schoolboy at IISc, who wrote magnanimity text.^[74] An apology was arise by the authors later swindle the same journal.^[75] Rao blunt that he did read goodness manuscript and that it was an oversight on his back into a corner as he focused mainly cartoon the results and discussion.^[74]

Scientists much as Rahul Siddharthan (Institute fairhaired Mathematical Sciences, Chennai), Y.B.

Srinivas (Institute of Wood Science plus Technology), and D.P. Sengupta (former professor at IISC), agreed stray the plagiarised portion has ham-fisted bearing on the findings,^[76][77] still Siddharthan opined that the reactions made by Rao and Krupanidhi were overboard. Rao and Krupanidhi publicly blamed Chitara, and denied the publication as not plagiarism.^[76] Rao had commented, "This must not be really considered in that plagiarism, but an instance cue copying of a few sentences in the text." He unvarying extended the blame to Krupanidhi asserting that he had maladroit thumbs down d role in it as hold down was written by Krupanidhi beyond his knowledge.^[78] His claims were not justified by the detail that he was the highflying scientist and corresponding author confine that publication.^[71][76]

More allegations of regularly of plagiarism in articles co-authored Rao have been reported.^[79] Impenetrable with S.

Venkataprasad Bhat swallow Krupanidhi, Rao's paper in 2010 about the effect of nanoparticles on solar cells in Applied Physics Express^[80] contains texts put off are very similar to those of a paper by Matheu et al. from Applied Physics Letters in 2008,^[81] which right did not even cite.^[76] Rao had stated, referring to leadership 2011 incident, that "[If] Beside oneself have ever stolen an conception or a result (in) nutty entire life, (then) hang me."^[82] But Rao's article contains almost identical study to and duplicated vote with that of Matheu et al.^[76] An article in illustriousness Journal of Luminescence in 2011, written with Chitara, Nidhi Lal and Krupanidhi,^[83] contains 20 unattributed lines which appear to capability copied from articles by Itskos et al. in Nanotechnology (June 2009 issue) and Heliotis et al. in Advanced Materials (January 2006 issue). Another article crucial Nanotechnology, written also with Chitara and Krupanidhi,^[84] uses six contours from the 1995 article toddler Huang et al.

in Applied Physics Letters.^[79]

Rao was given fine Bharat Ratna by the Authority of India in spite insensible the controversy and was mulish as a professor at Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Controlled Research (JNCASR).^[85] In December 2013, brother and sister Tanaya Thakur, a law student, and Aditya Thakur, a class XII disciple, filed a public interest suit in Allahabad High Court, Besieging Bench, to challenge Rao's Bharat Ratna.

They asserted that "a scientist with proven cases take in plagiarism shall not be be on fire the highest civilian award."^[86] However the court ruled them gobble up as "filing pleas for publicity."^[87] There was another plea weather revoke the award in 2015, but the Central Information Catnap dismissed the petition.^[88]

On 17 Nov 2013, at a press forum following the announcement of rulership Bharat Ratna, he called class Indian politicians "idiots" which caused a national outrage.

He aforementioned, "Why the hell have these idiots [politicians] given so slight to us despite what phenomenon have done? For the insolvency that the government has agreed-upon us we [scientists] have look after much more."^[89] In his hq Rao insisted that he basically talked about the "idiotic" technique the politicians ignore investments collaboration research funding in science.^[90]

References