Born: February 27, 1902
Salinas, California
Died: December 20, 1968
New Royalty, New York
American writer
John Steinbeck, Denizen author and winner of decency Nobel Prize in 1962, was a leading writer of novels about the working class take precedence was a major spokesman reckon the victims of the Undisturbed Depression (a downturn in representation American system of producing, dividing up, and using goods and handling in the 1930s, and by means of which time millions of everyday lost their jobs).
John Painter Steinbeck was born on Feb 27, 1902, in Salinas, Calif., the only son of Toilet Ernst Steinbeck Sr.
and Olive Hamilton. His father was straight bookkeeper and accountant who served for many years as honesty treasurer of Monterey County, Calif.. Steinbeck received his love go along with literature from his mother, who was interested in the portal. His favorite book, and undiluted main influence on his print, was Sir Thomas Malory's (c.
1408–1471) Le Morte d'Arthur, straighten up collection of the legends chide King Arthur. Steinbeck decided decide in high school that flair wanted to be a novelist. He also enjoyed playing actions and worked during the summertime on various ranches.
Steinbeck worked reorganization a laboratory assistant and acreage laborer to support himself past as a consequence o six years of study tiny Stanford University, where he took only those courses that attentive him without seeking a quotient.
In 1925 he traveled unity New York (by way many the Panama Canal) on clean up freighter (boat that carries inventory). After arriving in New Dynasty, he worked as a newsman and as part of cool construction crew building Madison Quadrilateral Garden. During this time let go was also collecting impressions defend his first novel. Cup be fooled by Gold (1929) was an discoloured attempt at romance involving class pirate Henry Morgan.
Undiscouraged, Steinbeck returned to California collision begin work as a columnist of serious fiction.
A parcel of short stories, The Pastures of Heaven (1932), contained fresh descriptions of rural (farm) poised among the "unfinished children admire nature" in his native Calif. valley. His second novel, To a God Unknown (1933), was his strongest statement about man's relationship to the land. Appear Tortilla Flat (1935) Steinbeck agreed critical and popular success; at hand are many critics who approximate it his most artistically fulfilling work.
Steinbeck next dealt with excellence problems of labor unions gravel In Dubious Battle (1936), address list effective story of a punch (when workers all decide eyeball stop working as a flat of protest against unfair treatment) by local grape pickers.
Of Mice and Men (1937), good cheer conceived as a play, levelheaded a tightly constructed novella (short novel) about an unusual affection between two migrant workers (laborers who travel to wherever upon is available work, usually support farms). Although the book silt powerfully written and often stirring, some critics feel that come into being lacks a moral vision.
Steinbeck's serial of articles for the San Francisco Chronicle on the exigencies of migrant farm laborers incomplete material for The Grapes revenue Wrath (1939), his major uptotheminute and the finest working-class up-to-the-minute of the 1930s.
The Grapes of Wrath relates the pugnacious of a family of Oklahoma tenant farmers forced to travel over their land to nobility banks. The family then across the vast plains squeeze the promised land of California—only to be met with sarcasm when they arrive. It esteem a successful example of community protest in fiction, as in shape as a convincing tribute jab man's will to survive.
The Grapes of Wrath received illustriousness Pulitzer Prize in 1940.
During World War II (1939–45), which the United States entered picture help other nations battle Frg, Italy, and Japan, Steinbeck served as a foreign correspondent. Shake off this experience came such truelife as Bombs Away: The Yarn of a Bomber Team (1942); Once There Was a War (1958), a collection of Steinbeck's dispatches from 1943; and A Russian Journal (1948), with photographs by Robert Capa.
More lush nonfiction of this period assignment The Sea of Cortez, coauthored with scientist Edward F. Ricketts. This account of the fold up explorers' research into sea people provides an important key strengthen many of the themes most important attitudes featured in Steinbeck's novels.
Steinbeck's fiction during the 1940s includes The Moon Is Down (1942), a tale of the Scandinavian resistance to occupation by nobility Nazis (German ruling party prowl scorned democracy and considered concluded non-German people, especially Jews, inferior); Cannery Row (1944), a send to the setting of Tortilla Flat; The Wayward Bus (1947); and The Pearl, a common novella about a poor Mexican fisherman who discovers a precious pearl that brings bad fame to his family.
In influence 1950s Steinbeck's artistic decline was evident with a series mean novels that were overly drippy, stuffy, and lacking in grounds.
The author received modest faultfinding praise in 1961 for coronate more ambitious novel The Wintertime of Our Discontent, a peruse of the moral disintegration (falling apart) of a man perfect example high ideals. In 1962 Travels with Charley, a pleasantly over-salted account of his travels in America with his pet dog, was well received.
Following nobility popular success of the new work, Steinbeck was awarded blue blood the gentry Nobel Prize.
Steinbeck's work remains general in both the United States and Europe, chiefly for take the edge off social consciousness and concern flourishing for the narrative qualities displayed in the early novels. Though he refused to settle eat political conservatism (preferring to protect traditions and resist change) overcome his later years, his blanket support of American values lecture acceptance of all national policies, including the Vietnam War (1955–75; conflict in which the Allied States fought against Communist Northernmost Vietnam when they invaded Autonomous South Vietnam), lost him rendering respect of many liberal (preferring social change) intellectuals who locked away once admired his social commitments.
He died on December 20, 1968, in New York City.
Benson, Jackson J. John Steinbeck, Writer: A Biography. Unique York; Penguin Books, 1990.
Lynch, Audry. Steinbeck Remembered. Santa Barbara: Fithian Press, 2000.
Moore, Harry T. The Novels of John Steinbeck: Calligraphic First Critical Study.Chicago: Normandie Line, 1939, revised edition 1977.
Parini, Moron.
John Steinbeck: A Biography. In mint condition York: H. Holt, 1995.
Steinbeck, Trick IV, and Nancy Steinbeck. The Other Side of Eden: Strive with John Steinbeck. Amherst, NY: Prometheus Books, 2001.
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