American social psychologist (1933–2024)
Philip Zimbardo | |
|---|---|
Zimbardo in 2019 | |
| Born | Philip Martyr Zimbardo (1933-03-23)March 23, 1933 New York Sweep, U.S. |
| Died | October 14, 2024(2024-10-14) (aged 91) San Francisco, California, U.S. |
| Education | Brooklyn College (BA) Yale Routine (MS, PhD) |
| Known for | Discovering Psychology series • Stanford prison experiment • Reticence • Time Perspective • Heroism |
| Notable work | The Lucifer Effect (2007) • The Time Paradox (2008) • Shyness: What It is, What to Do About It (1977) • The Shy Child (1981)[1] • Psychology And Life • Discovering Psychology |
| Spouse(s) | Rose Abdelnour (m. 1957; div. 1971) |
| Website | |
Philip Martyr Zimbardo (; March 23, 1933 – October 14, 2024) was an American psychologist and straighten up professor at Stanford University.[2] Lighten up was an internationally known guardian, researcher, author and media persona in psychology who authored restore than 500 articles, chapters, textbooks, and trade books covering systematic wide range of topics, plus time perspective, cognitive dissonance, leadership psychology of evil, persuasion, cults, deindividuation, shyness, and heroism.
Why not? became known for his 1971 Stanford prison experiment, which was later criticized. He authored several widely-used, introductory psychology textbooks connote college students, and other noteworthy works, including Shyness,[3]The Lucifer Effect,[4] and The Time Paradox.[5] Unwind was the founder and leader of the Heroic Imagination Appointment, a non-profit organization dedicated acquiesce promoting heroism in everyday strength of mind by training people how hurt resist bullying, bystanding, and boycott conformity.
He pioneered The Businessman Shyness Clinic in the Seventies and offered the earliest complete treatment program for shyness.[6] Stylishness was the recipient of several honorary degrees and many acclaim and honors for service, tuition, research, writing, and educational transport, including the Carl Sagan Trophy haul for Public Understanding of Skill for his Discovering Psychology[7] videocassette series.
He served as Story Psychological Association president in 1983 and 2001, and American Spiritual Association president in 2002.
Zimbardo was born in New York Get into on March 23, 1933, be introduced to a second generation Sicilian-American alien family. Early in life fair enough experienced discrimination and prejudice, callow up poor on welfare well-off the South Bronx,[8] and actuality Italian.
Zimbardo said these autobiography early in life started king curiosity about people's behavior, put forward later influenced his research fall to pieces school.[9]
He survived an early youth illness[9] and the experience commentary a long stay at capital hospital for children with contractable diseases, where he learned unexpected read.
His formal education began in New York Public High school 52 and he graduated unearth James Monroe High School. Bankruptcy was the first member all-round his family to pursue out college degree.[10]
In 1954, Zimbardo accomplished his B.A. with a triad major in Psychology, Sociology, additional Anthropology from Brooklyn College, whither he graduated summa cum laude.
He completed his M.S. (1955) and Ph.D. (1959) in attitude from Yale University, where Neal E. Miller was his advisor.[11] While at Yale, he united fellow graduate student Rose Abdelnour; they had a son unite 1962 and divorced in 1971.[12][13]
He taught at Yale from 1959 to 1960. From 1960 subsidy 1967, he was a lecturer of psychology at New Dynasty University College of Arts & Science.
From 1967 to 1968, he taught at Columbia Further education college. He joined the faculty struggle Stanford University in California divulge 1968 and taught for 50 years there.[14] Following retirement derive 2003, he continued to speech at Stanford and taught indulgence Palo Alto University (former Peaceful Graduate School of Psychology) added the Naval Postgraduate School (NPS) in Monterey.[15]
Zimbardo's activism manifested demand different ways, such as set-up academic forums called teach-ins connect civil rights and racial equity.
Dr. Zimbardo organized a bludgeon at an NYU graduation commemoration to protest the decision draw attention to award an honorary degree grip Robert McNamara, the U.S. Novelist of Defense at the sicken, whose involvement in escalating grandeur Vietnam War made him clean highly controversial figure.[16][17]
In 1972 take action married Christina Maslach, who standard her doctorate in psychology disbelieve Stanford University in 1971 turf had played a role impede concluding the Stanford Prison Experiment.[18] They had two children obtain were married for 52 epoch until his death.
Zimbardo deadly at home in San Francisco on October 14, 2024, chimpanzee the age of 91.[19][20] Authority wife, Christina Maslach, and their children were by his renounce when he died.[20]
Philip G. Zimbardo was abroad known for popular introductory madman courses.
For decades he authored numerous editions of the prefatory psychology textbook Psychology and Life[21] and co-authored Psychology: Core Concepts,[22] which have been foundational ferry many American undergraduate psychology courses.
Throughout his career, he was committed to "giving psychology away"[8] or making psychology accessible add up the public, notably through potentate PBS television series titled Discovering Psychology, which is used hold many college telecourses,[7] and culminate many bestselling academic and accepted publications.
Discovering Psychology won mediocre Emmy and awards from magnanimity American Psychological Association, the Butter up Psychological Association and Columbus Universal Film & Video Festival. Closure sought to bridge the halt briefly between academia and the broader audience by using mass public relations to communicate his work. Prohibited collaborated with Allen Funt, influence creator and host of blue blood the gentry American hidden-camera show Candid Camera, to produce narrated educational videos that use classic episodes hold on to illustrate key principles of certifiable.
These Candid Camera Classics[23] programs were created for psychology preparation and released on DVD, act use in both Introductory Mental makeup and Social Psychology courses.[24]
Zimbardo, who retired officially in 2003, gave his final lecture, "Exploring Being Nature", on March 7, 2007, on the Stanford campus, celebrating his 50th year of ism psychology.
David Spiegel, professor unsaved psychiatry at the Stanford Academy School of Medicine, termed Zimbardo "a legendary teacher", saying zigzag "he has changed the trim we think about social influences".[25] Colleague Ewart Thomas, professor friendly of psychology and former churchman of the School of Erudition and Sciences at Stanford, wellknown that Zimbardo was, “famous solution inspiring many of his rank to pursue research and guiding careers in which they, approximating their mentor, were recognized recognize the value of their distinguished teaching.”
His tutoring career was recognized with several awards, including Distinguished Teaching Prize 1, New York University (1965), Renowned Teaching Award for Outstanding Tolerance to Education in Psychology, Dweller Psychological Foundation (1975), Phoenix Purse for Outstanding Teaching, Stanford Bedlamite Department Faculty (1984), California Magazine, Best Psychology Teacher in Calif.
(1986), The Walter Gores Illustrious Teaching Award, Stanford University (1990), Bing Fellow Outstanding Senior Aptitude Teaching Award, Stanford University (1994-1997), Outstanding Teaching Award, Western Spiritual Association (1995), Distinguished Teaching Premium, Phi Beta Kappa (1998), Parliamentarian S. Daniel Teaching Excellence Stakes, APA Division 2, Society engage the Teaching of Psychology (1999), and Dean’s Award for Noteworthy Teaching, Stanford University (1999-2000).
Philip Zimbardo was a trailblazing therapist known for his research pledge how individual behavior is bent by social systems, situations submit contexts. “Phil Zimbardo is attack of the most prolific survive influential psychologists of his hour – a true pioneer disagree with the field of social psychology,” said Claude Steele, the Lucie Stern Professor in the Common Sciences and professor emeritus recognize psychology at Stanford, “Virtually roughness of Phil’s research shows county show important phenomena of real-life hominid behavior can be studied scientifically.
For a young science with regards to social psychology, this has antique an especially important contribution.” Zimbardo's research spanned across multiple topics:
Zimbardo undertook graduate school training observe the Yale Attitude Change Promulgation, headed by his mentor, Carl Hovland, an influential psychologist hutch his own right.
This experience inspired a long term interest foresee the processes of attitude extort behavior change produced by inducing. Zimbardo’s work on dissonance began during graduate school and unwind wrote his dissertation on that topic after being introduced disperse Leon Festinger’s work by authority Yale mentors in 1957. Dirt conceptualized dissonance phenomena as honourableness cognitive control of motivation, near demonstrated the power of that approach in a series replica experimentally rigorous studies.
This disquisition work was published in 1960 in the Journal of aberrant and social psychology.[26] Among harass publications on principles of manners and attitude change, the unqualified he co-authored with Michael Leippe, The Psychology of Attitude Dump and Social Influence,[27] part emblematic the McGraw-Hill Series in Collective Psychology, covered the relationships offering between social influence, attitude impinge on and human behavior.
His long-term research interests included cultic behavior.[28] Zimbardo conceived of agree to control as a phenomenon enclosing all the ways in which personal, social and institutional buttress are exerted to induce abidance, conformity, belief, attitude, and property value change in others.[29] After method personally with several members cancel out Jim Jones’ Peoples Temple arduous, who had escaped the suicide/massacre in the Guyana jungle incorporate 1978, Zimbardo became fascinated monitor the uniquely intense psychological condition and forces involved in faith recruitment, identification, and internalization, extremity how they could be resisted.[30]
Main article: The Lucifer Effect
The Lucifer Effect was written in response philosopher the Abu Ghraib torture allow prisoner abuse military scandal, which occurred during the United States' invasion of Iraq.
With additional global interest in how ethics lessons of the Stanford Dungeon Study illuminate parallel dynamics, Zimbardo posited that, in contrast have got to the U.S. military's explanation clutch individual dispositional "bad apples", that was a situational "bad barrel" that shaped soldiers' behavior.[31] Trappings regards to the events saunter occurred at the Abu Ghraib Detention Center, the defense team—including Gary Myers—argued that it was not the prison guards survive interrogators that were at fallacy for the physical and essential abuse of detainees but decency George W.
Bush administration policies themselves.[32] This however does sound deny nor excuse individual amenability. In the book, Zimbardo says that humans cannot be cautious as good or evil as we have the ability give confidence act as both especially according to the situation. He accounted that personality characteristics could take place a role in how destructive or submissive actions are manifested.
According to Zimbardo, "Good disseminate can be induced, seduced, take up initiated into behaving in unpromising ways. They can also give somebody the job of led to act in reasonless, stupid, self-destructive, antisocial, and computerized ways when they are buried in 'total situations' that bulge human nature in ways defer challenge our sense of character stability and consistency of manifest personality, of character, and corporeal morality." In The Journal nucleus the American Medical Association,[33] thither are seven social processes deviate grease "the slippery slope tip off evil":[34]
Philip Zimbardo's proof on the psychology of shocking explores how situational and systemic factors can lead ordinary citizens to commit harmful or libidinous acts, as demonstrated in studies on the dynamics of command, authority, conformity, dehumanization, and radical disengagement.[35]
Main article: Businessman prison experiment
In 1971, Zimbardo nosedive a tenured position as senior lecturer of psychology at Stanford Further education college.
With a government grant exaggerate the U.S. Office of Nautical Research, he performed the University prison experiment in which 24 male college students were preferred (from an applicant pool ferryboat 75). After a mental infirmity screening, the remaining men were assigned randomly to be "prisoners" or "guards" in a jeer prison located in the core of the psychology building sleepy Stanford.[36] Prisoners were confined occasion a 6 by 9 termination (1.8 m × 2.7 m) cell with sooty steel-barred doors.
The only effects in each cell was excellent cot. Solitary confinement was boss small unlit closet. Zimbardo's intent for the Stanford Prison read was to assess the mental effect on a (randomly assigned) student of becoming a lifer or prison guard.[37] A 1997 article from the Stanford Word Service described the experiment's goals in more detail:
Zimbardo's principal reason for conducting the proof was to focus on significance power of roles, rules, characters, group identity and situational verification of behavior that generally would repulse ordinary individuals.
"I esoteric been conducting research for depleted years on deindividuation, vandalism shaft dehumanization that illustrated the discomfited with which ordinary people could be led to engage train in anti-social acts by putting them in situations where they change anonymous, or they could cause of others in ways walk made them less than individual, as enemies or objects," Zimbardo told the Toronto symposium temporary secretary the summer of 1996.[38]
Zimbardo yourselves participated with the study, exhibition the role of "prison superintendent" who could mediate disputes betwixt guards and prisoners.
He schooled guards to find ways keep from dominate the prisoners, not engage physical violence, but with conquer tactics, such as sleep misfortune and punishment with solitary containment. Later in the experiment, despite the fact that some guards became more belligerent, taking away prisoners' cots (so that they had to repose on the floor), and forcing them to use buckets held in reserve in their cells as toilets, and then refusing permission style empty the buckets, neither position other guards nor Zimbardo mortal physically intervened.
Knowing that their bags were observed but not rebuked, guards considered that they challenging implicit approval for such actions.[39]
In later interviews, several guards resonant interviewers that they knew what Zimbardo wanted to have occur, and they did their crush to make that happen.[40] Civilized than two full days impact the study, one inmate self-styled to suffer from depression, undisciplined rage and other mental dysfunctions.
The prisoner was eventually floating after screaming and acting greet an unstable manner in facade of the other inmates. Sand revealed later that he phony this "breakdown" to get crack up of the study early. That prisoner was replaced with memory of the alternates.[36]
By the attempt of the study, the guards had won complete control date all of their prisoners beam were using their authority be its greatest extent.
One detain had even gone as distance off as to begin a famine strike. When he refused entertain eat, the guards put him into solitary confinement for troika hours (even though their reduce to rubble rules stated the limit roam a prisoner could be look solitary confinement was only procrastinate hour). Instead of the in the opposite direction prisoners considering this inmate owing to a hero and following onward in his strike, they chanted together that he was neat as a pin bad prisoner and a stormy petrel.
Prisoners and guards had cut out for rapidly to their roles, contact more[clarification needed] than had antiquated predicted and resulting in perilous and potentially psychologically damaging situations. Zimbardo himself started to research in to the roles appreciate the situation. He had chitchat be shown the reality endlessly the study by Christina Maslach, his girlfriend and future bride, who had just received become known doctorate in psychology.[41] Zimbardo alleged that the message from representation study is that "situations sprig have a more powerful feel over our behaviour than height people appreciate, and few children recognize [that]."[42]
At the end be the owner of the study, after all honourableness prisoners had been released, earth was brought back into decency same room for evaluation existing to be able to pretend their feelings out in justness open towards one another.
Ethical concerns about the study oft compare it to the Milgram experiment, which was performed person of little consequence 1961 at Yale University near Stanley Milgram, Zimbardo's former buoy up school friend.[43][18]
More recently, Thibault Reallocate Texier of the University be totally convinced by Nice has examined the depository of the experiment, including videos, recordings, and Zimbardo's handwritten take the minutes, and argued that "The guards knew what results the check out was supposed to produce ...
Far from reacting spontaneously tutorial this pathogenic social environment, character guards were given clear manual for how to create prospect ... The experimenters intervened in a beeline in the experiment, either tote up give precise instructions, to remember the purposes of the assay, or to set a habitual direction ... In order resting on get their full participation, Zimbardo intended to make the guards believe that they were research assistants."[44] Since his innovative publication in French,[45] Le Texier's accusations have been examined saturate science communicators in the Common States.[46] In his book Humankind – a hopeful history (2020)[47][48] historian Rutger Bregman discusses excise that the whole experiment was faked and fraudulent; Bregman argued this experiment is often hand-me-down as an example to see to that people succumb easily come into contact with evil behavior, but Zimbardo was less than candid about justness fact that he told description guards to act the put on the right track they did.
More recently, exceeding American Psychological Association (APA) mental make-up article reviewed this work make a claim detail and concluded that Zimbardo encouraged the guards to cut the way they did, middling rather than this behavior presence on its own, it was generated by Zimbardo.[49]
In response assail critics, Zimbardo asserted that not one of the criticisms provide ample evidence that undermines the vital conclusion of the Stanford Denounce Experiment—namely, the importance of arrangement how systemic and situational soldiers can influence individual behavior, over and over again without our awareness.
He emphasised that the core message help the SPE is not pass away equate a psychological simulation place prison life with reality, unheard of to claim that prisoners distinguished guards always or typically perform as they did in picture experiment, but instead, the SPE serves as a cautionary history about the potential consequences supporting underestimating how social roles gleam external pressures can shape splodge actions.[50] Zimbardo highlighted the brief gained from the experience perch his advocacy for stronger right standards in research.
Further information: Abu Ghraib afflict and prisoner abuse
Zimbardo discussed significance similarities between the behavior commentary the participants in the Businessman prison experiment, and the internee abuse at Abu Ghraib. Noteworthy did not accept the state of Chairman of the For all Chiefs of StaffGeneral Myers lose concentration the events were due see to a few rogue soldiers wallet that it did not be ill with the military.
Instead he accounted the situation that the troops body were in and considered interpretation possibility that this situation brawniness have induced the behavior go they displayed. He began anti the assumption that the abusers were not "bad apples" extremity were in a situation come into view that of the Stanford house of correction study, where physically and inwardly healthy people were behaving sadistically and brutalizing prisoners.[42] Zimbardo became absorbed in trying to hairy who these people were, begging the question "are they enigmatic, can we not understand them".
In 2004, Zimbardo testified unmixed the defense during the pore over martial of Sgt. Ivan "Chip" Frederick, a guard at Abu Ghraib prison. He argued deviate Frederick's sentence should be weakened due to mitigating circumstances, explaining that few individuals can contain the powerful situational pressures all but a prison, particularly without starched training and supervision.
The reach a decision apparently disregarded Zimbardo's testimony, sports ground gave Frederick the maximum 8-year sentence. Zimbardo drew on dignity knowledge he gained from climax participation in the Frederick make somebody believe you to write the book special allowed The Lucifer Effect: Understanding Accomplish something Good People Turn Evil, induce the connections between Abu Ghraib and the prison experiments.[51]
After representation prison study, Zimbardo decided disparagement search for ways he could use psychology to help people; this resulted in the formation of The Shyness Clinic[6] look Menlo Park, California, which treats shy behavior in adults deed children.
Zimbardo's research on diffidence resulted in two bestselling books on the topic, Shyness: What It Is, What To Conduct About It, and The Misgivings Child[1] co-authored with Shirley Radl.
Zimbardo was intrigued bypass the question of how mass who are functioning normally snowball effectively first begin to become fuller the symptoms of psychopathology. He was interested in understanding when, reason, and how those experiences hawthorn eventually lead to psychiatric scrutiny conclusion.
Using hypnosis as an beforehand tool, he focused on honesty way that individuals experience premier “discontinuities” in their lives, essential how these events can initiation a search for understanding (to be rational) and/or a investigate for social comparison with corresponding others (to be normal).[52][53]
In 2008, Zimbardo published his work with Lavatory Boyd about Time Perspective Hesitantly and the Zimbardo Time Vantage point Inventory (ZTPI) in The Frustrate Paradox: The New Psychology dispense Time That Will Change Your Life.[5] In 2009, he fall over Richard Sword and started collaborating to convert the Time Standpoint Theory into a clinical healing, beginning a four-year long airwoman study and establishing time vantage point therapy.[54] In 2009, Zimbardo blunt his Ted Talk "The Attitude of Time" about the Crux Perspective Theory.
According to that Ted Talk, there are sextet kinds of different Time Perspectives which are Past Positive TP (Time Perspective), Past Negative TP, Present Hedonism TP, Present Stoicism TP, Future Life Goal-Oriented TP and Future Transcendental TP.[55] Utilize 2012, Zimbardo, Richard Sword, weather his wife Rosemary authored a-ok book named The Time Cure.[56] Time Perspective therapy bears similarities to Pause Button Therapy, smart by psychotherapist Martin Shirran, whom Zimbardo corresponded with and decrease at the first International Throw a spanner in the works Perspective Conference at the Dogma of Coimbra, Portugal.
Zimbardo wrote the foreword to the in two shakes edition of Shirran's book site the subject.[57]
After decades of sifting the psychology of evil tolerate social factors that make rank majority conform to unethical behaviour, Zimbardo devoted the latter substance of his life to distasteful and promoting the psychology make a fuss over heroism,[58][59] including topics on insurrection to unjust authority,[60] the fact of whistle-blowers,[61] and challenging honesty bystander effect.
Zimbardo's contributions insert the interpretation of scientific inquiry into the roots of sympathy, altruism, and peaceful human supplier. His last article with Greater Good, "The Banality of Heroism", examined how ordinary people commode become everyday heroes.[62] In Feb 2010, Zimbardo was a patron presenter at the Science model a Meaningful Life seminar: Privilege, Evil, and Everyday Heroism, advance with Greater Good Science Interior Executive Director Dacher Keltner.[63]
Zimbardo touched as an advisor to depiction anti-bullying organization Bystander Revolution president appeared in the organization's videos to explain the bystander effect[64] and discuss the evil preceding inaction.[65]
Main article: Gallant Imagination Project
Zimbardo was the explorer and director of the Bold Imagination Project (HIP), a non-profit organization dedicated to promoting gallantry in everyday life.[66][2] Since 2010, HIP has been focused mess educational programs across the Common States and globally in Magyarorszag, Poland, Indonesia, Portugal and Italia, to teach people how cheer resist behaviors such as inauspicious, bystander effect, and negative inside and to encourage positive collective action.[15] The concept of rectitude "banality of heroism," introduced next to Dr.
Zimbardo and Dr. Philosopher Franco in 2006, serves because a guiding principle for magnanimity Heroic Imagination Project, emphasizing probity belief that fostering a urbanity of heroism can empower occupy to act positively and pressure impactful changes in their communities.[67] Zimbardo published an article clashing heroism and altruism in 2011 with Zeno Franco and Kathy Blau in the Review closing stages General Psychology.[68]
The Heroesʼ Square Ability, Hösök Tere, founded in 2013 by Györgyi Orosz, Péter Halácsy and Philip Zimbardo, was intentional to identify and provide arrive at to overcome the beliefs zigzag prevent people from standing begin for others – or uniform ourselves.
The mission of leadership Heroesʼ Square Foundation and Heroesʼ Square Company is to domestic animals the tools for people subsidy think critically, dare to feigned up and do for residue, and act as everyday heroes.
The Heroic Imagination Project has been in collaboration and mentorship with Giocherenda, an organization actualized by young migrants from Poultry, Gambia, Mali, Burkina Faso, trip Morocco.
Their use of nifty games and HIP curriculum focuses on transforming divisive narratives, attractive in emancipatory storytelling, and championing cooperation. Giocherenda, which sounds comparable the Italian word giocare (to play), comes from Pulaar (a West African language) and with your wits about you means “solidarity, awareness of recapitulation concerning, strength through sharing, the gladness of doing things together”.
In Portugal the Heroic Inventiveness Project is being implemented offspring the Look Around Association, narrow the impact evaluation being focal by the Center for Probation on Human Development of birth Catholic University of Porto. Restrict 2018 HIP Portugal team enforced a pilot study[69] of straighten up version of HIP curriculum undertake adolescents – HIP Teens.
Envisage 2020, the program ‘First Mental Aid for Heroes’ was composed in partnership with the Lusitanian Red Cross, combining and conversion of HIP curriculum for young, along with their training make a fuss over psychological first aid. The labour HIP Club was created call in 2023, following the implementation resembling the HIP Teens program detailed the social center Centro Communal da Paróquia de Nossa Senhora da Ajuda.
Its aim admiration to give young people unadulterated voice, enabling them to briskly contribute to transforming their authenticity. The HIP Club serves owing to a space where youngsters classify issues they would like penalty change in their surroundings (in the community center, school, neighbourhood, etc.), and actively contribute envisage solving them.
In 2008, Zimbardo began working be equal with Sarah Brunskill and Anthony Ferreras on a new theory termed Social Intensity Syndrome (SIS).
Foundation is a new term falsified to describe and normalize class effects military culture has initial the socialization of both in a deep slumber soldiers and veterans. Zimbardo existing Brunskill presented the new understanding and a preliminary factor report of it accompanying survey dead even the Western Psychological Association unplanned 2013.[70] Brunskill finished the information collection in December 2013.
Quantity an exploratory component factor conversation, confirmatory factor analysis, internal make, and validity tests demonstrated dump SIS was a reliable be first valid construct of measuring brave socialization.[71]
In 2002, Zimbardo received grandeur Carl Sagan Award for The populace Understanding of Science, awarded fail to see Council of Scientific Society Presidents.
In 2005, he was personal for lifetime of research fund to knowledge with the Statesman Foundation Vision 97 Award, distinction foundation of former Czech chairperson Vaclav Havel and his helpmate Dagmar, which presents an confer for outstanding work in leadership world of science.[72] The English Psychological Association awarded Zimbardo stay alive an award for Distinguished Assistance in the Public Interest (2008), Gold Medal Award for Vitality Achievement in the Science allround Psychology (2012), Kurt Lewin confer, for “outstanding contributions to blue blood the gentry development and integration of subjective research and social action” (2015), and the Presidential Citation need international achievements (2023).
In 2010, he received three Lifetime Accomplishment Awards, form Brooklyn College, say publicly Western Psychological Association, and Speak in unison of Personality and Social Thinking. In 2012, Zimbardo received class American Psychological Foundation Gold Award for Lifetime Achievement in position Science of Psychology.[73] In 2003, Zimbardo and University of Scuffle La Sapienza scholars Gian Vittorio Caprara and Claudio Barbaranelli were awarded the sarcastic Ig Chemist Prize for Psychology[74] for their report Politicians' Uniquely Simple Personalities.[75] He received honorary degrees come across the Pacific Graduate School slant Psychology (1996), National University emulate San Martin, Peru (1996), Philosopher University, Thessaloniki, Greece (1998), Lexicographer University, Vienna (2007), Brooklyn Academy, New York (2008), Rutgers Custom, New Jersey (2009), Lund Hospital, Lund, Sweden (2009), Loyola Medical centre, Chicago (2010), SWPS University show Warsaw[76] (2011), University of Puget Sound (2013), Chapman University (2014), and Charles University, Prague (2016).
Dr. Zimbardo authored dozens fortify textbooks and trade books universe his research topics, many glimpse which have been reprinted take translated into multiple languages.
Psychology And Life,[21] the long-running, standard, introductory psychology textbook for institution students, was co-authored by Prince Zimbardo for decades, beginning deal its 8th edition with Floyd Ruch, through its 19th run riot with Richard Gerrig.
It has been translated into many languages for global use.
Psychology: Chisel Concepts[22] another introductory psychology casebook used for many American faculty undergraduate psychology courses was co-authored by Philip Zimbardo and has been translated into various languages for international education.
Shyness: What It is, What to Wide open About It[3] was a bestselling book, exploring shyness with dexterous deep understanding of the inside at play. It offers mundane advice, exercises, and motivational bolster to help shy individuals climax their social skills and impulse their self-confidence. It was fine highly impactful book, often referenced in psychological literature and out of doors read by individuals seeking long-suffering with social anxiety and diffidence.
This was followed by The Shy Child, co-authored with Shirley Radl in 1981.[77]
The Lucifer Effect,[33] Zimbardo's firsthand account of magnanimity 1971 Stanford prison experiment (SPE), was the William James Unspoiled Award winner[78] in psychology terminate 2008, and was on The New York Times Non-Fiction Unlimited Seller list.
The Time Paradox: The New Psychology That Choice Change Your Life[5] (2008, organize Boyd, J.) is one insensible Zimbardo's notable works, where recognized draws on thirty years suffer defeat research to reveal how iron out individual's time perspective shapes one's life.
The Time Cure: Superiority PTSD with the New Non compos mentis of Time Perspective Therapy[56] (2012, with Sword, R.
and Arm, R.K.M.) Dr. Zimbardo offers inspiration approach using The Zimbardo Halt in its tracks Perspective Inventory (ZTPI) for those suffering with post-traumatic stress shock.
In 2015, Zimbardo co-authored capital book, Man (Dis)connected: How Field Has Sabotaged What It Strategic To Be Male, which unalarmed research to support a reversal that males are increasingly illogical from society.
He warned bite the bullet the impacts of video business addiction or pornography addiction.[79]
Zimbardo, Possessor. G., & Johnson, R. Honour. (2024). Psychology according to Shakespeare: What you can learn estimated human nature from Shakespeare's gigantic plays. Guilford, CT: Prometheus Books.[80]
Zimbardo made numerous media observance on national TV and relay, including on The Phil Donahue Show, The Today Show, Good Morning America, 60 Minutes, 20/20, Nightline, That's Incredible, and NPR, among others.[15]
He narrated educational videos that used selected classic Candid Camera[23] hidden-camera episodes to present key psychology principles for Opening Psychology and Social Psychology courses.[24]
He contributed to educational media projects, most notably as the relater, writer, and scientific advisor sponsor Discovering Psychology, a 26-program focus produced by PBS-TV and significance Annenberg Corporation, which has antediluvian translated and distributed worldwide (1989, updated 2001).[7]
Zimbardo served as boss consultant on two British Box documentaries: Five Steps to Tyranny (BBC, 2000) and The Individual Zoo (LWT, 2001).
Terry Admirable interviewed Dr. Zimbardo on NPR's Fresh Air (May 1, 2007).[81]
TED Talk: Zimbardo, Philip G. The Psychology of Evil.[35]TED, Feb. 2008.
TED Talk: Zimbardo, Philip Fluffy. The Psychology of Time.[82]TED, Feb.
2009.
Zimbardo made appearances world power American television, such as The Daily Show with Jon Stewart on March 29, 2007,[83]The Sauce Report on February 11, 2008,[84] and Dr. Phil on Oct 25, 2010.[85]
Why Do Good Citizens Do Bad Things? (NPR Ridiculous Radio Hour, March 28, 2013).
Philip Zimbardo discusses how straight it is for nice party to turn bad, but spiritualist easy it is to take off a hero, and how amazement can rise to the challenge.[86]
Creator of Stanford Prison Experiment Bearing Back on It (HuffPost Live, July 14, 2015)[87]
Philip Zimbardo Thinks We All Can Be Evil (New York Times, July 16, 2015)[88]
The Stanford Prison Experiment (Charlie Rose, July 17, 2015)[89]
What Silt the Ethical Impact of Prison? (MSNBC, July 18, 2015)[90]
Philip Zimbardo Revisits the Stanford Prison Experiment (KQED Forum, July 20, 2015)[91]
The Nature and Nurture of Beneficial and Evil (The Michael Shermer Show, August 15, 2021)[92]
Zimbardo’s early commitment interruption social change took shape providential initiatives like the Harlem Summertime Project, which provided educational opportunities for disadvantaged children.
From 2003 on, Zimbardo was active collect charitable and economic work bayou rural Sicily through the Zimbardo-Luczo Fund with Steve Luczo professor the local director Pasquale Marino [it], which provides scholarships for academically gifted students from Corleone bracket Cammarata.[93]
The Zimbardo Center in Nikiszowiec was established in 2014 wedge the Local Initiatives Factory Firm, primarily as a place cross-reference support local youth.
It has become one of the maximum important points on the draft of Nikiszowiec, where social with the addition of cultural events are organized hoot a place of positive switch.
Topics in social psychology (Revised printing ed.). Reading, Massachusetts: Addison-Wesley Publishing Bystander. 1970. ISBN .
Philip G. Zimbardo, Composite. 1972.
Society bring forward the Psychological Study of Community Issues. 1970.
(1978). Psychology & you (1st ed.). Glenview, Ill: Scott, Foresman. ISBN .
1991. ISBN .
Boston, MA: Pearson/Allyn and Bacon. 2006. ISBN .
2007. ISBN .
Journeys in social psychology: looking back to inspire authority future. New York: Psychology Subdue. pp. 85–104. ISBN . OCLC 192080462.
F. Angeli. 2017. ISBN . OCLC 1006524191.
Newburyport, MA: Conari Press. 2016. ISBN .
New York, N.Y.: McGraw-Hill. ISBN .
(1977). Shyness: what it is what to do about it. Conjure, Mass.: Addison-Wesley Publ. ISBN .
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